In a large skillet, heat over medium heat. Add the ground beef, diced onion, and minced garlic. Cook until the beef is browned and the onion becomes translucent, about 5-7.
Stir in the chili powder, cumin, salt, and black pepper. Cook for an additional 2.
Remove from heat and mix in the refried beans until well combined.
Spread 1/2 cup of enchilada sauce evenly on the bottom of a 9x13-inch baking dish.
Take a tortilla and spoon about 1/4 cup of the beef mixture into the center. Sprinkle a little cheese on top, then roll the tortilla up tightly. Place it seam-side down in the baking dish. Repeat with remaining tortillas.
Pour the remaining enchilada sauce over the top and sprinkle the remaining cheese on top.
Cover with aluminum foil and bake in a preheated oven at 350°F for 20. Remove the foil and bake for an additional 10. Let cool for about 5 before serving.