Wash the fresh broccoli florets under cold running water, pat them dry, and cut into bite-sized pieces.
In a large mixing bowl, combine olive oil, minced garlic, salt, black pepper, and red pepper flakes. Stir well.
Add the prepared broccoli florets to the bowl and toss gently until well-coated.
Preheat the oven to 425°F. Spread the broccoli mixture on a baking sheet in a single layer and roast for 15-20 minutes.
Remove from the oven and sprinkle with grated Parmesan cheese, lemon juice, and lemon zest. Toss gently to combine.